1.Core Hub ntawm cov txheej txheem: Ntau yam cim ntawm Extrusion Ratio
Die ratio (λ) yog txhais raws li qhov piv ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-sectional cheeb tsam ntawm txhuas pas nrig nyob rau hauv lub extrusion chim rau tag nrho cov ntoo khaub lig-sectional cheeb tsam ntawm lub extruded profile, lej qhia raws li λ=A?/A?. Qhov zoo li qhov piv txwv yooj yim no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem aluminium extrusion.
Nws yog tus tswj hwm ntawm cov hlau ntws- lub valve uas txiav txim siab seb puas muaj txhuas tuaj yeem ua rau pwm tuaj yeem sib npaug; nws yog tus maub los ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab- cuam tshuam cov nplej refinement nyhuv los ntawm qib deformation; nws kuj yog qhov sib npaug ntawm kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo - ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau extrusion quab yuam thiab khoom siv thauj khoom.
Siv 6063 aluminium alloy ua piv txwv. Thaum qhov sib piv extrusion nce los ntawm 20: 1 txog 50: 1, lub zog tensile ntawm qhov profile tuaj yeem nce 8% -12%, thiab elongation kuj qhia tau tias muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev txhim kho no tsis txwv-thaum qhov sib piv extrusion tshaj 80: 1, txawm hais tias cov khoom siv kho tshuab txuas ntxiv txhim kho, lub zog extrusion nce siab, pwm hnav nrawm, thiab cov nqi tsim khoom nce ntxiv.
Los ntawm optimizing tus extrusion piv los ntawm 38: 1 mus rau 45: 1, lub extrusion ceev tau nce 15% thaum ua kom muaj zog, thiab lub zog noj ib tuj ntawm cov khoom raug txo los ntawm 8%.
2.Logic rau Kev Xaiv Extrusion Ratio: Daim duab peb sab sib npaug ntawm cov khoom, khoom siv, thiab cov khoom siv
Kev xaiv ntawm qhov sib piv extrusion yog tsis muaj txhais tau tias arbitrary; nws yog constrained los ntawm peb yam ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau, cov cuab yeej muaj peev xwm, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom, tsim ib tug ruaj khov txheej txheem daim duab peb sab.
Khoom Dimension: Qhov sib piv extrusion feem ntau yog tswj nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 30-50; rau nyias-walled complex radiator profiles, tus extrusion piv yuav tsum tau mus txog 60-100 los yog ntau dua los xyuas kom meej tias cov hlau ntws tag nrho los sau cov qauv zoo ntawm cov pwm.
Qhov nyuaj ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig- ntu ncaj qha txiav txim siab qhov nyuaj ntawm cov hlau ntws. Rau cov seem uas muaj ntau cov kab noj hniav, cov phab ntsa nyias, thiab asymmetry, qhov sib txawv ntawm extrusion ntau dua yuav tsum tau muab lub zog txaus txaus, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim pwm ntau dua thiab cov txheej txheem nruj dua kuj xav tau.
Khoom Dimension: Lub tonnage ntawm lub extruder ncaj qha txwv qhov ua tiav extrusion piv. Cov qauv qhia pom pom tias lub zog extrusion P thiab qhov sib piv extrusion λ kwv yees li kev sib raug zoo **P ∝ ln(λ)**. Ib qho 800-tuj extruder muaj kev nyab xeeb sab sauv ntawm extrusion piv ntawm txog 60; thaum loj 2500-tuj extruder tuaj yeem yooj yim ua haujlwm ntau lawm nrog qhov sib piv extrusion saum 100.
Qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom siv kuj tseem ceeb heev. Cov pwm tshiab thiab lub tog raj kheej extrusion tshiab tuaj yeem tiv taus lub siab coj los ntawm qhov sib piv ntau dua extrusion; thaum cov khoom siv uas tau ua haujlwm rau ntau xyoo yuav tsum tau xaiv ntau qhov kev xaiv.
Khoom Dimension: Aluminium alloys sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv deformation kuj. Mos alloys xws li 1060 thiab 3003 tso cai rau kev siv ntau dua extrusion piv (txog li 100); thaum siab -lub zog alloys xws li 7075 thiab 2024 feem ntau muaj qhov sib piv extrusion txwv rau 20-40 los tiv thaiv lub zog extrusion ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom siv.
3.Technical txwv ntawm Extrusion piv: txheej txheem kev xaiv ntawm siab thiab qis
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm extrusion piv qhov tseem ceeb yog nrhiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws sib npaug ntawm 'siab' thiab 'qis'. Txhua tus muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo thiab tsim nyog rau cov xwm txheej sib txawv.
Advantages and Challenges of High Extrusion Ratios (λ>50):
High extrusion ratios muaj peev xwm ua kom zoo dua cov qauv nplej thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov khoom, ua rau lawv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov teb uas muaj kev ua tau zoo heev, xws li aerospace thiab tsheb thauj mus los. Tib lub sijhawm, qhov sib piv extrusion siab kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho cov hlau ntws, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev tsim cov ntoo khaub lig- ntu.
Txawm li cas los xij, siab extrusion ratios kuj txhais tau tias muaj zog extrusion ntau dua thiab kub siab deformation ntau dua. Rau txhua txhua 10-unit nce hauv qhov sib piv extrusion, lub zog extrusion nce li ntawm 8%-12%, thiab qhov hluav taws xob kub tuaj yeem nce los ntawm 15-25℃. Qhov no xav kom cov cuab yeej muaj kev ruaj khov txaus, thiab cov pwm yuav tsum tau siv cov ntaub ntawv zoo dua thiab tsim qauv tsim nyog.
Daim ntawv thov Scenario ntawm Tsawg Extrusion Ratios (λ<30):
Tsawg extrusion ratios feem ntau yog siv los ua cov pas nrig, tuab -cov kav dej, thiab lwm yam yooj yim hla- cov khoom lag luam, lossis thaum cov khoom muaj kev tiv thaiv siab heev rau deformation. Tsawg extrusion ratios tau zoo tswj extrusion quab yuam, txo cov khoom load, thiab ntev pwm lub neej.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov qis extrusion piv yuav ua rau cov hlau tsis sib xws, ua rau cov khoom lag luam muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li streaks thiab khawb, thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab kuj qis dua. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau them nyiaj los ntawm kev txhim kho pwm tsim (xws li ntxiv cov ntawv qhia) thiab cov txheej txheem tsis ua haujlwm (xws li kho qhov kub thiab ceev).
Balance Point Selection Strategy:
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws extrusion piv yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 'kev txhim kho tseem ceeb thaum lub siab nce zuj zus.' Rau feem ntau 6xxx series aluminium alloy siv profiles, xaiv qhov sib piv extrusion ntawm 40-60 feem ntau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov ntau yam no tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo yam tsis muaj kev tso siab ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom siv thiab pwm.
4.Calculation and Application of Extrusion Ratio in Pwm DesignBalancing the extrusion ratio of a multi-qhov tuag:
Pwm tsim yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb rau qhov sib piv extrusion kom txav los ntawm kev xav mus rau kev xyaum, thiab tsim pwm tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua kom tus nqi ntawm extrusion piv.
Thaum siv ntau- qhov tuag rau kev tsim khoom, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov extrusion ratios ntawm tag nrho cov qhov tuag yog qhov zoo ib yam. Qhov sib txawv ntau tshaj 15% tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau tsis sib xws, ua rau cov khoom tsis sib xws ntev thiab sib tw los yog khoov. Thaum lub sij hawm xam, tus ntoo khaub lig tiag - ntu ntu ntawm txhua lub qhov tuag yuav tsum tau ntsuas kom raug, tsis yog tsuas yog faib los ntawm tus lej ntawm qhov.
Rau asymmetrically txheej txheem ntau- qhov tuag, cov nyhuv ntawm qhov tuag qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau ntws yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Tuag qhov nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw muaj hlau txaus, yog li qhov tseeb extrusion piv yuav qis dua tus nqi tsim, hos ntug tuag qhov yog qhov txawv. Cov kws tshaj lij tuag cov neeg tsim khoom sib npaug cov kev sib txawv no los ntawm kev kho qhov tuag qhov ntau thiab tsawg los yog ntxiv cov qauv coj ua.
Matching Extrusion Ratio nrog Pwm Lub Zog:
Qhov sib piv siab extrusion txhais tau hais tias muaj zog extrusion ntau dua, uas ua rau qhov xav tau ntau dua ntawm pwm lub zog. Thaum lub extrusion ratio ntau tshaj 60, lub punch core nam piv (ua hauj lwm ntev ntev / tuag qhov dav) yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 3-6. Yog tias nws me dhau lawm, nws tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau cov khoom lag luam tsis ruaj khov, thiab yog tias nws loj dhau, nws ua rau lub zog extrusion thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
Kev khiav -splitting ua ke pwm yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo kom sib npaug qhov sib npaug siab extrusion nrog pwm lub zog. Los ntawm qhov tsim nyog tsim qhov loj me thiab kev faib tawm ntawm qhov ntws tawm -splitting qhov, qhov deformation xav tau los ntawm qhov sib piv siab extrusion tuaj yeem ua tiav nyob rau hauv theem, txo qhov siab siab ntawm lub punch core. Ib qhov dej-tsim ntws tawm-splitting pwm tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb nce qhov sib piv rau 80-100 yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pwm tsis ua haujlwm.
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm extrusion ratio thiab ua hauj lwm billet ntev:
Kev ua hauj lwm billet ntev ncaj qha cuam tshuam cov hlau ntws tsis kam thiab cov khoom seem raug. Rau siab extrusion piv ntau lawm, tsim nyog luv luv ua hauj lwm billet ntev (feem ntau 1.5-3 npaug ntawm qhov dav dav) pab txo extrusion quab yuam; Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho kev ua haujlwm uas luv dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov ntev.
5.Extrusion Ratio Adjustment Strategy Thaum On -Site Commissioning
Tom qab qhov sib piv extrusion tau txiav txim siab, ntawm - cov txheej txheem ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm yog kauj ruam kawg los hloov nws mus rau hauv siab - cov khoom zoo thiab tseem yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Ceev -Extrusion Ratio Linked Control:
Lub extrusion ceev yuav tsum phim tus extrusion piv. Rau siab extrusion ratios (λ> 50), cov hlau undergoes loj deformation thiab tseem ceeb kub nce, yuav tsum tau nruab nrab mus rau qis -ceev extrusion (cov khoom tawm ceev 8-15 meters / min) los tiv thaiv qhov kub ntawm siab tshaj cov alloy solidus kab thiab ua rau cov khoom overburn.
Rau tuab- cov khoom siv phab ntsa nrog qis extrusion piv (λ<30), the extrusion speed can be appropriately increased (15-25 meters/minute) to compensate for potential performance degradation caused by insufficient deformation, while also improving production efficiency.
Nyob rau hauv - chaw ua haujlwm, thaum qhov sib piv extrusion tshaj tus nqi tsim los ntawm ntau dua 10%, qhov ceev extrusion yuav tsum raug txo tsawg kawg yog 15%, thiab qhov hluav taws xob hloov pauv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas zoo.
Kub -Extrusion Ratio Coordinated Management:
Lub extrusion ratio ncaj qha cuam tshuam tus nqi ntawm deformation tshav kub generated. Rau txhua txhua 10-unit nce nyob rau hauv qhov sib piv extrusion, qhov kub tawm tuaj yeem nce los ntawm 15-25 degree. Yog li ntawd, thaum tsim nrog ib tug siab extrusion piv, nws yog tsim nyog los txo cov cua kub ntawm cov aluminium billets (kwv yees li 5-10 degree) kom tseg qhov chaw rau qhov kub nce los ntawm deformation.
Lub preheating kub ntawm qhov tuag yuav tsum tau kho raws li. Nrog rau qhov sib piv extrusion siab, cov tuag dais siab dua, yog li qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem nce los ntawm 10-15℃txhawm rau txhim kho qhov tawv thiab cuam tshuam ntawm cov tuag. Qhov no lub tswv yim ntawm "qis-kub aluminium billets ua ke nrog high-temperature tuag" tau raug pov thawj kom zoo sib npaug ntawm ntau cov kev cov nyom ntawm high extrusion ratio ntau lawm.
Kev Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg thiab Kev Ceeb Toom:
Extrusion siab yog qhov ncaj qha cuam tshuam ncaj qha ntawm qhov sib piv extrusion. Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, lub rooj sib tham ntawm qhov sib piv extrusion thiab siab yuav tsum tau tsim. Thaum lub ntsuas ntsuas tsis tu ncua ntau tshaj li qhov theoretical tus nqi los ntawm 15%, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas tam sim ntawd rau cov teeb meem xws li pwm thaiv los yog qhov kub tsis tshua muaj aluminium rods.
Cov tshuab extrusion niaj hnub no feem ntau yog nruab nrog lub sijhawm tiag tiag - lub sijhawm ntsuas kev ntsuas siab, qhov twg lub tswb ntsuas siab siab sib raug rau qhov sib txawv extrusion piv tuaj yeem teeb tsa. Piv txwv li, ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm extrusion ntawm 40, lub siab siab siab txwv yog teem rau ntawm 75% ntawm cov cuab yeej ntsuas siab; ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm extrusion ntawm 60, qhov kev txwv sab saud yog kho rau 85%. Qhov kev ceeb toom ntsuas qib no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khoom siv ntau dhau thiab pwm puas.
Rapid Diagnosis of Abnormal Situation:
Thaum cov khoom muaj nto streaks, yog hais tias nrog los ntawm txawv txav siab nce, nws yuav tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug ntau heev extrusion piv ua rau turbulent hlau ntws; Yog hais tias lub siab yog ib txwm tab sis cov khoom qhov ntev hloov pauv, nws yuav yog vim qhov qis extrusion ratio ua rau cov hlau tsis txaus.
Rau qhov ua txhaum loj xws li "cov ntaub ntawv jamming," thawj zaug xyuas seb qhov sib piv extrusion tiag tiag tshaj li cov cuab yeej muaj peev xwm, thiab tom qab ntawd tshawb xyuas cov khoom xws li pwm tsim thiab aluminium billet kub. Kev paub qhia tau hais tias tshaj qhov sib piv extrusion yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom jamming, suav txog li 40% ntawm cov kev ua txhaum ntawd.
Qhov sib piv extrusion, tus txheej txheem tsis pom, ntsuas txhua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm aluminium extrusion. Los ntawm kev tsim pwm mus rau ntawm - qhov chaw debugging, los ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv mus rau kev npaj cov khoom, nws yog qhov txhia chaw tsis tau pom dua. Cov masters tiag tiag nkag siab tias kev paub txog kev kos duab ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug extrusion yog kev paub txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm aluminium extrusion technology.
