Vanadium tsim cov refractory compound VAl11 nyob rau hauv txhuas alloys, uas yuav pab refine nplej thaum lub sij hawm casting txheej txheem, txawm hais tias nws cov nyhuv yog me me piv rau titanium thiab zirconium. Vanadium kuj tseem pab kho cov qauv recrystallized thiab nce qhov kub ntawm recrystallization.
Calcium muaj ib qho tsis tshua muaj solubility hauv aluminium alloys thiab tsim cov CaAl4 compound nrog txhuas. Calcium kuj yog ib yam khoom uas txhawb nqa superplasticity hauv aluminium alloys; aluminium alloys nrog kwv yees li 5% calcium thiab 5% manganese nthuav tawm superplasticity. Calcium thiab silicon daim ntawv CaSi, uas yog insoluble nyob rau hauv txhuas. Los ntawm kev txo cov solubility ntawm silicon, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm cov ntshiab aluminium. Calcium tuaj yeem txhim kho lub machinability ntawm aluminium alloys. CaSi2 tsis ua kom muaj kev kho cua sov ntxiv ntawm aluminium alloys. Cov kab mob calcium uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tshem tawm hydrogen los ntawm molten aluminium.
Lead, tin, thiab bismuth yog tsawg- melting- taw tes hlau. Lawv muaj tsawg solubility nyob rau hauv txhuas, me ntsis txo lub zog ntawm cov alloy, tab sis tuaj yeem txhim kho machinability. Bismuth nthuav thaum lub sij hawm solidification, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev them nyiaj shrinkage. Ntxiv bismuth rau siab -magnesium alloys tuaj yeem tiv thaiv sodium brittleness.
Antimony feem ntau yog siv los ua kev hloov kho hauv cam khwb cia aluminium alloys thiab tsis tshua siv hauv wrought aluminium alloys. Nws tsuas yog siv hauv Al-Mg wrought aluminium alloys los hloov bismuth los tiv thaiv sodium-induced brittleness. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm antimony rau qee yam Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem kub thiab txias.
Beryllium tuaj yeem txhim kho cov qauv ntawm oxide zaj duab xis nyob rau hauv deformed aluminium alloys thiab txo qhov kub hnyiab thiab suav nrog thaum casting. Beryllium yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj lom neeg. Yog li ntawd, aluminium alloys uas tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov zaub mov thiab dej haus yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj beryllium. Cov ntsiab lus beryllium hauv cov khoom siv vuam feem ntau yog tswj qis dua 8 ug / ml. Aluminium alloys siv los ua vuam substrates yuav tsum tau tswj cov ntsiab lus beryllium.
Sodium yog yuav luag insoluble nyob rau hauv txhuas, nrog lub siab tshaj plaws khoom solubility ntawm tsawg tshaj li 0.0025%. Sodium muaj cov ntsiab lus melting tsawg (97.8 degree). Thaum sodium muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho alloy, nws adsorbs mus rau dendrite nto los yog grain ciam thaum lub sij hawm solidification. Thaum lub sij hawm ua thermal, sodium ntawm cov ciam teb ntawm cov nplej ua cov kua adsorption txheej, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tawg tawg. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, NaAlSi tebchaw yog tsim, tsis muaj sodium dawb tam sim no, yog li 'sodium brittleness' tsis tshwm sim. Thaum cov ntsiab lus magnesium ntau tshaj 2%, magnesium captures silicon, precipitating dawb sodium, uas ua rau 'sodium brittleness.' Yog li ntawd, sodium ntsev tsis raug tso cai nyob rau hauv siab -magnesium aluminium alloys. Cov txheej txheem los tiv thaiv 'sodium brittleness' suav nrog chlorination txoj kev, uas hloov sodium rau NaCl thiab tshem tawm mus rau hauv slag; ntxiv bismuth rau daim ntawv Na2Bi uas nkag mus rau hauv cov hlau matrix; ntxiv antimony rau daim ntawv Na3Sb; los yog ntxiv cov khoom tsis tshua muaj -lub ntiaj teb, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam.
